ÿþ<html> <head> <!-- /1 --> <title>Scientific works in Russian :: Bumali Project</title> <!-- 2/ --> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1251"> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="index2.css"> <script language="JavaScript" type="text/javascript" src="____index.js"></script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" leftmargin="0" topmargin="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0"><!-- background="pic/z.gif" onload="preloadImages();" --> <!-- page/ --> <table width="100%" height="100%" align=center cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0> <!-- header/ --> <tr height=240> <td background="pic/z_header.jpg"> <table width=945 height=240 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0> <tr> <td width=41> <!-- 645 + 300 = 945 --> <img src="pic/v.gif" width=41 height=1 border=0 alt=""><br> </td> <td width=152> <a href="/"><img src="pic/logo.gif" width="152" height="240" border=0 alt="Bumali Project"></a><br> </td> <td width=170> <div style="position:relative;top:204px;left:14px"> <a href="#"><img src="pic/lang2en1.gif" width="45" height="31" border=0 alt="English"></a><a href="#"><img src="pic/lang2ru0.gif" width="54" height="31" border=0 alt="Russian"></a><a href="#"><img src="pic/lang2cn0.gif" width="33" height="31" border=0 alt="Chinese"></a><br> </div> </td> <td width=282> <img src="pic/v.gif" width=282 height=1 border=0 alt=""><br> </td> <td width=300> <img src="pic/v.gif" width=1 height=4 border=0 alt=""><br> <!--include virtual="ssi/menu-en.shtml"--> <ul> <li><a class=noir2 href="indexch.shtml">Home page</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="01hart.shtml">Sir Robert Hart</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="02customs.shtml">The Imperial Chinese Maritime Customs</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="03expeditions.shtml">The British expeditions to China</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="04tsungli.shtml">Tsungli Yamen</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="05treaties.shtml">China, Japan, Korea, and Powers. Treaties</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="06war.shtml">Franco-Chinese War 1884-1885</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="07maps.shtml">Maps</a> <li><a class=noir2 href="08contact.shtml">Works in Russian</a> </ul> </td> </tr> </table> </td> </tr> <tr height=9> <td class="paper1"> <img src="pic/v.gif" width=1 height=9 border=0 alt=""><br> </td> </tr> <!-- /header --> <!-- middle part/ --> <tr height="100%"> <td class="paper2"> <br> <table width="100%" cellpadding=0 cellspacing=0 border=0> <tr> <td><img src="pic/v.gif" width="42" height="1" border="0" alt=""></td> <td><img src="pic/v.gif" width="462" height="1" border="0" alt=""></td> <td><img src="pic/v.gif" width="22" height="1" border="0" alt=""></td> <td><img src="pic/v.gif" width="372" height="1" border="0" alt=""></td> <td width="100%"><img src="pic/v.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt=""></td> </tr> <tr> <td><img src="pic/leftpane.jpg" width="42" height="422" border=0 alt=""><br><br></td> <td class="content"> <!-- /2 --> <!-- content/ --> <h3>© Ma@8O C3@>20</h3> <h1>@8B0=A:0O M:A?548F8O @>C=0 1875 3. 8 «45;> 0@465@8»</h1> <p><i>XXXVIII =0CG=0O :>=D5@5=F8O "1I5AB2> 8 3>AC40@AB2> 2 8B05". .: >AB.;8B., 2008. A.69-79.</i></p> <p>>A;5 >:>=G0=8O >?8C<=KE 2>9= 2 A5@548=5 XIX 2., 2 E>45 :>B>@KE 4;O 8=>AB@0==>9 B>@3>2;8 1K;8 >B:@KBK =5:>B>@K5 B>@3>2K5 ?>@BK, 2=CB@5==85 @09>=K 8B0O, ?>-?@56=5<C, >AB020;8AL 70:@KBK 4;O 70?04=KE AB@0=. > @O4C ?@8G8= 4> A5@548=K 70-E =0G0;0 80-E 33. XIX 2. 40;L=52>AB>G=K9 @538>= =5 O2;O;AO ?@8>@8B5B=K< 2 8=B5@5A0E 2=5H=59 ?>;8B8:8 5;8:>1@8B0=88. 4=0:> 2> 2B>@>9 ?>;>28=5 70-E 33. XIX 2. C =3;88 ?>O2;ONBAO A5@L57=K5 :>=:C@5=BK =0 0;L=5< >AB>:5 2 ;8F5 $@0=F88, 5@<0=88 8 >AA88, 2=8<0=85 :>B>@KE : 8B0N 2 C:070==K9 ?5@8>4 2>7@>A;>.  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[9, c. 61]).</p> <p>5@53>2>@K M940 A 8 %C=G60=>< 2 "O=LF78=5 =5 40;8 ?>;>68B5;L=>3> @57C;LB0B0, ?>MB><C 2 A5=BO1@5 1875 3. M94 @5H8; 25@=CBLAO 2 5:8= 8 =0G0BL =0?@O<CN ?5@53>2>@K A &7C=;8 O<M=5<. 4=0:> 2?>A;54AB288 >= ?@0:B8G5A:8 2A5340 >1I0;AO A &7C=;8 O<M=5< G5@57 35=5@0;L=>3> 8=A?5:B>@0 8B09A:8E <>@A:8E B0<>65= >15@B0 %0@B0 . %0@B ?@8=8<0; 0:B82=>5 CG0AB85 8 ?@O<> 8 :>A25==> =0 ?@>BO65=88 2A5E 18 <5AOF52 C@53C;8@>20=8O 40==>3> 2>?@>A0 2 :0G5AB25 ;81> A>N7=8:0 ;81> >??>=5=B0 1@8B0=A:>3> ?>A;0==8:0 2 5:8=5 (A<. [6, c. 274]).  ?8AL<5 >B 22 8N;O 1876 3. M940 5@18 ?5@2K9 >B<5G05B, GB> : =0?@02;5==>9 8< 31 <0O 1876 3. ?@8=FC C=C 8 &7C=;8 O<M=N =>B5 >= ?@8;>68; <5<>@0=4C< 8 ?8AL<> 8 '6M=L3> 53> <0B5@8 2 8@<5, :>B>@>5 A;C68;> 4>:070B5;LAB2>< 53> 8 F5=B@0;L=>3> ?@028B5;LAB20 ?@8G0AB=>AB8 : C189AB2C 0@465@8 8 =0?045=8N =0 <8AA8N @>C=0. 8 '6M=L3> 2 B> 2@5<O =0E>48;AO 2 BN@L<5 2 .=L=0=8. 4=0:> :>?88 MB>3> ?8AL<0 =5 A>E@0=8;8AL. </p> <p>>=5G=>, =C6=> CG8BK20BL, GB> A0< D0:B B>3>, GB> @>C= ?>25; 2>>@C65==K9 >B@O4 G5@57 3@0=8FC A 8B05< 157 ?>;=><>G89 :8B09A:>3> ?@028B5;LAB20, =5 <>3 >AB0BLAO =570<5G5==K<. 5AB=K5 2;0AB8 <>3;8 ?@8=OBL <5@K ?@>B82 8=>AB@0==>3> 2B>@65=8O 8 459AB2>20BL A>>1I0 A 8 '6M=L3>. >7<>6=>, &M=L .98= 4>304K20;AO > =54@C65AB25==KE ?;0=0E 8=>AB@0=F52, 8 <>3 40BL 8=AB@C:F88 A2>8< ?>4G8=5==K< ?@54>B2@0B8BL ?@>=8:=>25=85 <8AA88.</p> <p>#189AB2> 0@465@8 8 =0?045=85 =0 <8AA8N @>C=0 2=5A;8 1>;LH>9 @57>=0=A 2 >B=>H5=8O <564C =3;859 8 8B05<. 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[9, c. 71]).  A2O78 A> A;>6=>ABLN A8BC0F88 &7C=;8 O<M=L 22 A5=BO1@O 1875 3. ?>@CG8; .%0@BC @0AA;54>20BL 2>?@>A > B>@3>2;5 A F5;LN C?>@O4>G8BL ?@83@0=8G=CN B>@3>2;N 2 ?@>28=F88 .=L=0=L.</p> <p>!;54C5B B0:65 >B<5B8BL, GB> >1AB0=>2:0 2 40;L=52>AB>G=>< @538>=5 1K;0 :0: =5;L7O 1;03>?@8OB=0 4;O >@30=870F88 ?>4>1=>9 <8AA88.  MB> 2@5<O /?>=8O ?@87=0;8 2 1874 3. 8B09 28=>2=K< 70 C189AB2> <>@O:>2 =0 >AB@>20E 8GC ?;5<5=0<8 $>@<>7K. # M940 8<5;AO ?>2>4 ?> <564C=0@>4=><C 70:>=>40B5;LAB2C B@51>20BL >B 5:8=0 :><?5=A0F89 70 =0A8;85 ?> >B=>H5=8N : 1@8B0=A:8< A;C60I8<, ?CB5H5AB2CNI8< A ?0A?>@B0<8, ?>;CG5==K<8 >B :8B09A:>3> 8<?5@0B>@0 (A<. [9, c. 65]).</p> <p> MB> 2@5<O 4;O C:@5?;5=8O ?>78F89 ".M940 2 8B05, 87@0M;8 ?@54?@8=O; 15A?@5F545=B=K9 2 B> 2@5<O 48?;><0B8G5A:89 H03. = ?@83;0A8; O?>=A:>3> <8=8AB@0 2 =3;8N A F5;LN C1548BL 53> ?@028B5;LAB2> ?@54;>68BL 8E ?>A@54=8G5AB2> 2 A;CG05 A5@L57=KE ?@>1;5<, 2>7=8:H8E <564C 8B05< 8 =3;859, 8 70O28BL, GB> 5A;8 8B09 =5 ?@8<5B MB> ?>A@54=8G5AB2>, B> «/?>=8O ?@8A>548=8BLAO : =3;88 ?@>B82 8B0O 8 2KAB028B O?>=A:89 :>=B8=35=B ?>4 @C:>2>4AB2>< 1@8B0=A:8E 2>9A: ?@>B82 >4=515A=>9 8<?5@88» (A<. [9, c. 90]). </p> <p>31 <0O 1876 3. ?@8=F C= 8 4@C385 <8=8AB@K &7C=;8 O<M=O 1K;8 ?@83;0H5=K 2 1@8B0=A:>5 :>=AC;LAB2> 2 5:8=5. M94 ?>B@51>20; AC451=>5 @0718@0B5;LAB2> =04 &M=L .98=5< 8 53> ?>4G8=5==K<8 2 5:8=5 =0 >A=>20=88 45?5H8 87 =488, A;C682H59 4>:070B5;LAB2>< 53> ?@8G0AB=>AB8 : C189AB2C 0@465@8. C= 70O28;, GB> MB> =52>7<>6=>, B.:. 45;0 C65 70:@KBK, 8 &M=L >A2>1>645= ?> ?@8G8=5 A<5@B8 53> ?@85<=>9 <0B5@8 45:@5B>< >B 21 0?@5;O 1876 3. ">340 M94 2K428=C; 2>A5<L B@51>20=89 F8=A:><C ?@028B5;LAB2C: 2>-?5@2KE, &7C=;8 O<M=L 4>;65= 1K; ?@54AB028BL <5<>@0=4C< B@>=C >1 >1AB>OB5;LAB20E =0?045=8O =0 <8AA8N @>C=0, 8 @0AA;54>20BL 45;>; 2>-2B>@KE, =0 ?@>BO65=88 ?>A;54CNI8E 42CE ;5B 1@8B0=FK, 2 A>?@>2>645=88 :8B09A:8E >D8F5@>2, 4>;6=K A;548BL 70 2K?>;=5=85< B@51>20=89 2> 2A5E 3>@>40E 8<?5@88; 2-B@5BL8E, 1@8B0=A:85 >D8F5@K <>3CB ?@>2>48BL @0AA;54>20=85 :0A0B5;L=> 1@8B0=A:8E AC1J5:B>2 8;8 1@8B0=A:>9 A>1AB25==>AB8 2> 2=CB@5==8E @09>=0E 8B0O; 2-G5B25@BKE, F8=A:>5 ?@028B5;LAB2> 4>;6=> 8740BL 45:@5B, ?> :>B>@><C ?@028B5;LAB2> .=L=0=8 4>;6=> =07=0G8BL >B25BAB25==>3> G8=>2=8:0 A>B@C4=8G0BL A 1@8B0=A:8<8 >D8F5@0<8 ?> 2>?@>A0< ?@83@0=8G=>9 B>@3>2;8 8 @07@01>B:8 ?@028; B>@3>2;8; 2-?OBKE, 1@8B0=A:89 ?>A;0==8: 4>;65= =0 ?@>BO65=88 ?OB8 ;5B @07<5AB8BL >4=>3> 8 1>;LH5 A>B@C4=8:>2 :>=AC;LAB20 2 .=L=0=8 0 B0:65 2 'C=F8=5 8 2 ?@>28=F88 !KGC0=L 4;O @0AA;54>20=8O 2>?@>A>2 B>@3>2;8; 2-H5ABKE, &7C=;8 O<M=L 4>;65= =0?@028BL F8@:C;O@ 8=>AB@0==K< ?@54AB028B5;O<, 40NI89 8< ?@02> 8<?>@B8@>20BL B>20@K ?@8 =0;8G88 >A>1KE A5@B8D8:0B>2, =0;8G85 :>B>@KE >A2>1>640;> 1K >B C?;0BK B@0=78B=KE ?>H;8= =57028A8<> >B =0F8>=0;L=>AB8 ?5@52>7G8:0. -H5ABKE, 8=>AB@0==K< AC40< 4>;6=> 1KBL @07@5H5=> 70E>48BL 2 ;N1>9 ?>@B, 4065 =0 <>@A:>< ?>15@56L5, >75@5, 8;8 @5:5, 345 1C4CB CG@5645=K >@A:85 B0<>6=8. !;54C5B >B:@KBL 5I5 45AOBL 3>@>4>2 4;O 8=>AB@0==>9 B>@3>2;8; 2-A54L<KE, ?>A;5 B>3> :0: H5ABL ?C=:B>2 1C4CB 2K?>;=5=K, 4>;6=0 1KBL =0?@02;5=0 <8AA8O : :>@>;525 5;8:>1@8B0=88 A ?8AL<>< >B 8<?5@0B>@0 8B0O A 2K@065=85< A>60;5=8O > A;CG82H5<AO. @5420@8B5;L=K9 B5:AB MB>3> ?8AL<0 A=0G0;0 @5:><5=4>20;>AL A>3;0A>20BL A 1@8B0=A:8< ?>A;0==8:><; 2-2>AL<KE, AC<<0 :>=B@81CF88 2 200000 B0M;59, => MB> 4>;6=0 1KBL AC<<0, =5>1E>48<0O 4;O B>3>, GB>1K >15A?5G8BL 2K?;0BC =5 B>;L:> A5<LO< 0@465@8 8 53> A>?@>2>640NI8E, => 8 @0AE>4K M:A?548F88 @>C=0, 0 B0:65 70B@0BK :>;>=80;L=>9 04<8=8AB@0F88 =488 (A<. [9, c. 95-96]). </p> <p>&7C=;8 O<M=L ?@8=O; 2B>@>9, B@5B89, G5B25@BK9 8 ?OBK9 ?C=:BK B@51>20=89. !>3;0A8;AO =0?@028BL <5<>@0=4C<, :0: 8 B@51>20; M94, => >B:070;AO A>3;0A>2K20BL B5:AB ?8AL<0. >A>; 4>;65= 1KBL =0?@02;5= 2 =3;8N 4;O CAB=>3> 2K@065=8O A>60;5=8O > A;CG82H5<AO. ><?5=A0F8O 4>;6=0 1KBL 2K?;0G5=0 B>;L:> A5<L5 0@465@8, A5<LO< 53> ?><>I=8:>2 8 B5<, :B> ?>AB@040; 2> 2@5<O <8AA88 @>C=0. </p> <p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c. 100]).</p> <p> MB> 2@5<O @07@078;AO 10;:0=A:89 :@878A.  <05 1876 3. 15@;8=A:89 <5<>@0=4C< 52@>?59A:8E 45@602 > ?@5:@0I5=88 2>9=K 2 "C@F88 1K; >B25@3=CB 1@8B0=A:8< ?@028B5;LAB2><. 0B5< ?@>87>H;> 2>AAB0=85 2 >;30@88, A<5I5=85 BC@5F:>3> AC;B0=0, >1JO2;5=85 2>9=K "C@F88 5@F53>28=>9 8 !5@1859. </p> <p> A2O78 A >A;>6=5=85< >B=>H5=89 A /?>=859 ?> ?>2>4C >@58, 8B09 1K; 708=B5@5A>20=, GB>1K ?>A:>@55 C@53C;8@>20BL N=L=0=LA:89 2>?@>A. 4=>2@5<5==> A MB8<, .%0@B ?@54;>68; &7C=;8 O<M=N 2 8N;O 1876 3. A5<L ?C=:B>2: ?5@2K5 ?OBL 87 =8E :0A0;8AL ;8F78=O, H5AB>9 :0A0;AO C;CGH5=8O ?>GB>2>9 A;C61K, A54L<>9 CG@5645=8O <>=5B=>3> 42>@0. </p> <p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p> <p>>A;5 ?>4?8A0=8O :>=25=F88 :>;>=80;L=0O 04<8=8AB@0F8O =488 70O28;0, GB> 55 8=B5@5A0<8 ?@5=51@53;8, 8 =>2K5 ?@028;0 CI5<;ONB 55 B>@3>2;N 8=489A:8< >?8C<><. 5@18 B5;53@0D8@>20; M94C > B><, GB> ?@5645, G5< ?@8=8<0BL @5H5=85, =04> 1K;> ?@>:>=AC;LB8@>20BLAO A 04<8=8AB@0F859 =488.  @57C;LB0B5 '8DCA:0O :>=25=F8O =5 1K;0 @0B8D8F8@>20=0 1@8B0=A:8< ?@028B5;LAB2><. </p> <p>26 8N=O 1877 3. ?0@;0<5=B0@88 2K@078;8 C25@5==>ABL, GB> '8DCA:0O :>=25=F8O =5 B>;L:> >15A?5G8B ?>;=>5 8 BI0B5;L=>5 @0AA;54>20=85 0B0:8 =0 <8AA8N @>C=0, => ?@82545B : C;CGH5=8N 0=3;>-:8B09A:8E >B=>H5=89 (A<. [8, c. 127]). >=25=F8O ?@54=07=0G0;0AL =5 AB>;L:> 4;O C@53C;8@>20=8O N=L=0=LA:>3> 45;0, A:>;L:> 4;O >?@545;5=8O 48?;><0B8G5A:>3> :C@A0 <564C 8B05< 8 @8B0=859 8 @5H5=8O :><<5@G5A:8E 2>?@>A>2. !CI5AB2>20;0 5I5 4>?>;=8B5;L=0O 3;020 :>=25=F88 :0A0B5;L=> "815B0, @07@5H02H0O 0=3;8G0=0< "@07254K20BL" ?CBL 2 =48N 8 "815B, >@30=87>20BL <8AA88 87 5:8=0 8 ?@>28=F88 !KGC0=L 2 "815B 8 =48N.</p> <p>4=0:> :>=25=F8O 1K;0 @0B8D8F8@>20=0 1@8B0=A:8< ?@028B5;LAB2>< ;8HL 452OBL ;5B A?CABO (2 1885 3.).  MB><C 2@5<5=8 A8AB5<0 8B09A:8E <>@A:8E B0<>65= 2?>;=5 <3;0 1KBL 8A?>;L7>20=0 4;O A1>@0 2A5E =5>1E>48<KE A1>@>2 2> 2=CB@5==8E @09>=0E 8B0O. @5=28;L 2 O=20@5 1883 3. A>720; :>=D5@5=F8N, 7040G59 :>B>@>9 1K;> C@53C;8@>20BL 2>?@>A ;8F78=O. @5=28;L 70O28;, GB> «>= =5 A>3;0A5=, GB> ;8F78= <>65B 1KBL 70D8:A8@>20= 2 @07<5@5 1>;55 G5< 70 B0M;59». !>3;0H5=85, 70:;NG5==>5 ;>@4>< @5=28;5< 2 8N=5 1885 3. 1K;> ?>4?8A0=> ;>@4>< !>;A15@8 2 8N;5 1885 3. ?>4 =0720=85< «>?>;=8B5;L=0O AB0BLO : '8DCA:>9 :>=25=F88» (A<. [6, c. 284-287]). </p> <p>!B>;:=C2H8AL A @O4>< ?@>1;5< 2 &8=A:>9 8<?5@88, =3;8O ?>=8<0;0 =5>1E>48<>ABL 87CG5=8O 8B0O, 53> B@048F8>==>3> >1I5AB20, D>@<8@>20=8O ?@>70?04=> =0AB@>5==>9 ?@>A;>9:8 :8B09A:8E :><?@04>@>2, A>740=8O <5E0=87<>2, ?>72>;ONI8E 2>7459AB2>20BL =0 ?>;8B8:C 8 M:>=><8:C 8B0O. ;O 2K?>;=5=8O ?>AB02;5==KE 7040G =5>1E>48<> 1K;> =0?@02;OBL 8AA;54>20B5;LA:85 M:A?548F88 4;O 87CG5=8O 2=CB@5==8E B>@3>2KE <0@H@CB>2 8 @0A?>;>65=8O AB@0B538G5A:8 206=KE >1J5:B>2 2 8B05. 8AA8O @>C=0 AB0;0 >4=>9 87 ?5@2KE M:A?548F89, =0?@02;5==KE 2 N3>-70?04=K9 8B09. </p> <p> E>45 M:A?548F89 ?@>872>48;0AL @07254:0 ?>;57=KE 8A:>?05<KE 2 :8B09A:8E ?@>28=F8OE, 45;0;0AL ?>?KB:0 ?>=OBL, =0A:>;L:> 2>7<>6=> 1C45B 2 1C4CI5< =09B8 2 8B05 ?>B5=F80;L=>3> ?>:C?0B5;O 1@8B0=A:8E B>20@>2, 0 B0:65 @K=>: 45H52>9 @01>G59 A8;K 8 AK@LO. 5@54 5;8:>1@8B0=859 AB>O;0 7040G0 87CG8BL, GB> ?@54AB02;ONB A>1>9 2=CB@5==85 @09>=K 8B0O, :0: AB@>8BL A2>8 >B=>H5=8O A <5AB=>9 :8B09A:>9 04<8=8AB@0F859 4;O @0A?@>AB@0=5=8O A2>53> 2;8O=8O 2 8B05 8 A>A54=8E A =8< @09>=0E 2 B> 2@5<O, :>340 >=8 1C4CB >:>=G0B5;L=> >B:@KBK 4;O 2A5E 52@>?59A:8E 45@602 8 =3;88 ?@845BAO 1>@>BLAO 70 A>E@0=5=85 A2>8E ?>78F89 2 40;L=52>AB>G=>< @538>=5.</p> <h2>AB>G=8:8 8 ;8B5@0BC@0</h2> <p>1. M9 . &709 «3C=;8» N9 «H8;8» G68F7O=L  8 8EC=G60= GC;8 «<8;C EC03C=0=L» EM 8=3> «<0F7O;80=L» 2M9;8). 564C 8AB8=>9 8 A8;>9  2 :0G5AB25 ?@8<5@0 @50:F88 =0 C@53C;8@>20=85 8 %C=G60=>< «45;0 :8B09A:8E @01>G8E 2 5@C» 8 0=3;89A:>3> «45;0 0@465@8» //564C=0@>4=>5 M:>=><8G5A:>5 >1>7@5=85, !3, 5:8=, 2006. 2. &C= O?O=L G60=LG6M= 40> CAK N=L4C=. (B >?8C<=>9 2>9=K 4> 42865=8O «4-3> <0O»). - @54. C., 5:8=, 1981. 3. &N9 'C=LE09, !5 !O>EC0. 0F7O;80=L H8;O> (I). AB>@8G5A:85 <0B5@80;K ?> 45;C 0@465@8 (I) // AB>@8G5A:89 0@E82. !1, 5:8=. 2006. 4. Anderson J. Mandalay to Momien: a narrative of the two expeditions to western China of 1868 and 1875 under Colonel Edward B.Sladen and Colonel Horace Brown. L.: Macmillan and Co., 1876. 5. China No.1 (1876). Correspondence respecting the attack on the Indian Expedition to Western China, and the murder of Mr. Margery. L., Harrison&Sons. 1876. 6. Michie A. The Englishmen in China. London. 1900. 7. Morse H.B. International relations of the Chinese Empire. Vol. 1-3. 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